Dental scaling and root planning are the most common form of treatment for periodontal disease. Dental scaling removes calculus (also called tartar) and plaque from the tooth surface above and below the gum line. Root planning improves smoothness of the root’s surface and removes any remaining calculus. When the amount of plaque and calculus to remove is extensive, the dentist will numb the area to make the procedure comfortable for you. A combination of sonic and hand instruments are used in the procedure. The sonic instruments remove the large deposits of plaque and calculus. Hand instruments are then used to remove any remaining tartar and ensure all surfaces of the crown and root are clean and free of bacteria. Sensitivity and soreness may be present a few days following treatment and usually can be relieved with over-the-counter pain relievers.